The Town of Tolland, first settled before 1715, covers an area of forty-one square miles and is situated twenty miles northeast of Hartford. Tolland, originally a part of the Town of Windsor, was settled by people who felt that Windsor was becoming overcrowded and that their growing families were in need of homesteads.

People had started moving to the east, to lands that had been purchased from the Native Americans. On April 18 1713, a committee was appointed to lay out a settlement, and the General Assembly was petitioned to charter it as a town. When the Charter was obtained in 1715, the town was named after an English town in Somerset, and was incorporated as Connecticut’s 49th town in May 1722. new courthouse replaced the original in 1822 at the center of the town green. It is recognized as one of five examples of early civic architecture in Connecticut.

The Tolland Green Historic District was placed on the National Register in June 1997. Several of the important buildings within the District have been adapted to serve modern needs while retaining the flavor of the older village.

The Hicks Municipal Building was built as the Ratcliffe Hicks Memorial School in 1908. The Hicks - Stearns Homestead is also a museum. The Tolland Board of Education building started life in 1830 as Tolland County Bank. Directly across from the Municipal Building the town’s original 1879 Town Hall has become the Tolland Arts Center. The Courthouse recently became a museum of the Tolland Historical Society and leases the first floor to the French Canadian Genealogy Library.

Until November 1973, the legislative body of the town was the Town Meeting. At that time, the new Town Charter provided for the legislative functions to be shared by the town Meeting and the Board of Selectmen. The Town Council became the primary legislative body under Charter revisions approved at a referendum on November 7, 1984. Under provisions of the Charter and Connecticut General Statutes, the Planning and Zoning Commission and the inland Wetlands Commission also have legislative authority.